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軟件設計師案例分析每日一練試題內容（2022/3/2）

[試題6]

閱讀下列說明和Java代碼，回答下列問題。

[說明]

某咖啡店賣咖啡時，可以根據顧客的要求在其中加入各種配料，咖啡店會根據所加入的配料來計算費用?？Х鹊晁目Х燃芭淞系姆N類和價格如表2-9所示。

表2-9 咖啡及配件的種類和價格

現采用裝飾器(Decorator)模式來實現計算費用的功能，得到如圖2-15所示的類圖。

[Java代碼]

import java.util.*:

______ class Beverage {               //飲料

String description = "Unknown Beverage";

public ______ () {  return description;  }

public ______;

}

abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage {        //配料

______;}

class Espresso extends Beverage {           //蒸餾咖啡

private final int ESPRESSO_PRICE = 25;

public Espresso()  {    description="Espresso";  }

public int cost()  {    return ESPRESSO_PRICE;   }

}

class DarkRoast extends Beverage {               //深度烘培咖啡

private finalint DARKROAST_PRICE = 20;

public DarkRoast() { description = "DarkRoast";  }

public int cost() { return DARKROAST PRICE;  }

}

class Mocha extends CondimentDecorator {        //摩卡

private final int MOCHA_PRICE = 10;

public Mocha (Beverage beverage) { this.beverage = beverage; }

public String getDescription() { returnbeverage.getDescription0 +",Mocha"; }

public int cost() {  return MOCHA_PRICE + beverage.cost();  }

}

class Whip extends CondimentDecorator  {     //奶泡

private finalint WHIP_PRICE = 8;

public Whip(Beverage beverage) {  this.beverage = beverage;  }

public  String getDescription() {  returnbeverage.getDescription() +", Whip";  }

public int cost() {  return WHIP_PRICE + beverage.cost();  }

}

public class Coffee {public static void main(String args[])  {

Beverage beverage = new DarkRoast(); beverage=new Mocha(______);

beverage = new Whip (______);

System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() +"￥"+beverage.cost());

}

}

編譯運行上述程序，其輸出結果為：DarkRoast，Mocha，Whip ￥38

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